@book {1177,
	title = {Everyday Religion: Observing Modern Religious Live},
	year = {2006},
	publisher = {Oxford University Press},
	organization = {Oxford University Press},
	abstract = {Social scientists sometimes seem not to know what to do with religion. In the first century of sociology{\textquoteright}s history as a discipline, the reigning concern was explaining the emergence of the modern world, and that brought with it an expectation that religion would simply fade from the scene as societies became diverse, complex, and enlightened. As the century approached its end, however, a variety of global phenomena remained dramatically unexplained by these theories. Among the leading contenders for explanatory power to emerge at this time were rational choice theories of religious behavior. Researchers who have spent time in the field observing religious groups and interviewing practitioners, however, have questioned the sufficiency of these market models. Studies abound that describe thriving religious phenomena that fit neither the old secularization paradigm nor the equations predicting vitality only among organizational entrepreneurs with strict orthodoxies. In this collection of previously unpublished essays, scholars who have been immersed in field research in a wide variety of settings draw on those observations from the field to begin to develop more helpful ways to study religion in modern lives. The authors examine how religion functions on the ground in a pluralistic society, how it is experienced by individuals, and how it is expressed in social institutions. Taken as a whole, these essays point to a new approach to the study of religion, one that emphasizes individual experience and social context over strict categorization and data collection.},
	keywords = {Sociology of religion},
	issn = {0195305418},
	url = {http://global.oup.com/academic/product/everyday-religion-9780195305418?cc=us\&lang=en\&tab=overview},
	author = {Nancy T. Ammerman}
}
@mastersthesis {55,
	title = {eTheology: Exporations in Computer Mediated Theological Reflection},
	year = {2007},
	month = {2007},
	school = {St. Michael{\textquoteright}s Theological College},
	address = {Landaff, Cardiff, UK},
	abstract = {This thesis considers (and critically assesses) how far the {\textquoteleft}new technologies{\textquoteright} associated with the internet {\textendash} hypertext and hypermedia, blogging, wikis and chatterbots1 amongst others {\textendash} might be used in the practice of Theological Reflection (TR). It presents a critical account of how some initiatives in using the internet might create insights and possibilities for TR, as well as highlighting some of the problems and pitfalls that might arise. This is in pursuit of two main research questions: 1. Is TR possible on the internet? 2. If TR is possible on the internet, what then does it add to the sum total of theological reflection and how might it relate to other methods?},
	keywords = {Computer, reflection, theology},
	url = {http://www.lulu.com/items/volume_62/1765000/1765949/1/print/etheology.pdf},
	author = {Duncan Ballard}
}
@book {350,
	title = {Ethics in an age of technology: The Gifford Lectures 1989-1991},
	year = {1993},
	publisher = {HarperSanFrancisco.},
	organization = {HarperSanFrancisco.},
	address = {San Francisco},
	abstract = {The Gifford Lectures have challenged our greatest thinkers to relate the worlds of religion, philosophy, and science. Now Ian Barbour has joined ranks with such Gifford lecturers as William James, Carl Jung, and Reinhold Neibuhr. In 1989 Barbour presented his first series of Gifford Lectures, published as Religion in an Age of Science, in which he explored the challenges to religion brought by the methods and theories of contemporary science. In 1990, he returned to Scotland to present this second series, dealing with ethical issues arising from technology and exploring the relationship of human and environmental values to science, philosophy, and religion and showing why these values are relevant to technological policy decisions. "Modern technology has brought increased food production, improved health, higher living standards, and better communications," writes Barbour. "But its environmental and human costs have been increasingly evident." Most of the destructive impacts, Barbour points out, come not from dramatic accidents but from the normal operation of agricultural and industrial systems, which deplete resources and pollute air, water, and land. Other technologies have unprecedented power to affect people and other forms of life distant in time and space (through global warming and genetic engineering, for example). Large-scale technologies are also expensive and centralized, accelerating the concentration of economic and political power and widening the gaps between rich and poor nations. In examining the conflicting ethics and assumptions that lead to divergent views of technology, Barbour analyzes three social values: justice, participatory freedom, and economic development, and defends such environmental principles as resource sustainability, environmental protection, and respect for all forms of life. He presents case studies of agricultural technology, energy policy, and the use of computers. Looking to the future, he describes the effects of global climate change, genetic engineering, and nuclear war and cautions that we must control our new powers over life and death more effectively. Finally, he concludes by focusing on appropriate technologies, individual life-styles, and sources of change: education, political action, response to crisis, and alternative visions of the good life.},
	keywords = {ethics, Gifford, technology},
	url = {http://books.google.com/books?id=7XVa-PqK_8sC\&printsec=frontcover$\#$v=onepage\&q\&f=false},
	author = {Barbour, I. G.}
}
@proceedings {1890,
	title = {Espace public et communication de la foi},
	year = {2014},
	month = {12/2014},
	pages = {510},
	publisher = {Iarsic},
	edition = {Iarsic},
	address = {Les Arcs/France},
	abstract = {Questioning the faith in its communicability in the public sphere is an open issue. This book is the evidence that, according to Gilbert Durand reflection on the sacred expressed in an interview for Essachess - Journal for Communication Studies in 2011, shortly before his death, the communication of faith in the public sphere seems "both changing and unchanging", changing because the communication as production of the meaning in a practiced context makes it changing and unchanging because it is always related to a single Truth.

***
Interroger la foi dans sa communicabilit{\'e} dans l{\textquoteright}espace public demeure un chantier ouvert. Cet ouvrage repr{\'e}sente le t{\'e}moignage que, selon une r{\'e}flexion de Gilbert Durand sur le sacr{\'e} exprim{\'e}e dans un entretien pour Essachess - Journal for Communication Studies en 2011, peu avant sa mort, la communication de la foi dans l{\textquoteright}espace public semble {\guillemotleft} {\`a} la fois changeante et immuable {\guillemotright}, changeante car la communication comme production de sens dans un contexte pratiqu{\'e} la rend changeante et immuable car elle reste toujours li{\'e}e {\`a} une seule et unique V{\'e}rit{\'e}.},
	keywords = {communication {\textendash} group and community, Faith, public sphere, religion},
	isbn = {978-2953245028},
	issn = {978-2953245028},
	url = {http://iarsic.com/en/product/espace-public-et-communication-de-la-foi/},
	author = {Bratosin, Stefan and Tudor, Mihaela-Alexandra}
}
@book {95,
	title = {Exploring Religious Community Online: We are one in the Network},
	year = {2005},
	pages = {213},
	publisher = {Peter Lang Publishing},
	organization = {Peter Lang Publishing},
	type = {Monograph},
	address = {New York},
	abstract = {Exploring Religious Community Online is a first comprehensive study of the development and implications of online communities for religious groups. This book investigates religious community online by examining how Christian communities have adopted internet technologies, and looks at how these online practices pose new challenges to offline religious community and culture. },
	keywords = {Christianity, community, email, internet, religion, religious identity},
	isbn = {978-0820471051},
	issn = {978-0820471051},
	url = {http://books.google.com/books?id=nkEHmdr-7ZUC\&pg=PA153\&lpg=PA153\&dq=exploring+religious+community+online+heidi+campbell\&source=bl\&ots=3cedZPB9S1\&sig=Aw3jXmsZmvnlHK7agc6uIzQUSoI\&hl=en\&ei=tNOZTprkGqbKsQLRwqW3BA\&sa=X\&oi=book_result\&ct=result\&resnum=4\&sqi=2\&v},
	author = {Heidi Campbell}
}
@book {126,
	title = {EMinistry: Connecting with the net generation},
	year = {2001},
	publisher = {Kregel Publishing},
	organization = {Kregel Publishing},
	address = {Grand Rapids, MI},
	abstract = {An Internet savvy youth pastor and journalist advises church leaders on creative and effective use of leading-edge technology to reach the Net Generation.},
	keywords = {Connection, ministry, next generation},
	url = {http://books.google.com/books?id=oRdC4ebrh88C\&printsec=frontcover$\#$v=onepage\&q\&f=false},
	author = {Careaga, Andrew}
}
@book {125,
	title = {E-vangelism: Sharing the Gospel in Cyberspace},
	year = {1999},
	publisher = {Huntington House Publishers},
	organization = {Huntington House Publishers},
	address = {Lafayette, LA},
	abstract = {"E-vangelism: Sharing the Gospel in Cyberspace" by Andrew Careaga (Vital Issues Press) discusses saving souls in cyberspace. Chapter one, "E-vangelism: Fishing the Net," is online. Other chapters include "Getting Started," "The Wide, Wide World of the World Wide Web," "Chatting for Christians" and "Piercing the Darkness." "A lot of churches, parachurch ministries and devout believers see cyberspace as a new mission field," Careaga says. "They{\textquoteright}re using the Internet as a tool to get their message out, and it seems to be working." "E-vangelism" focuses on how churches, parachurch organizations and individuals are using the Internet to communicate their theology to the online world. Order this inspirational book online.},
	keywords = {cyberspace, evangelism, Gospel, internet},
	url = {www.e-vangelsim.com},
	author = {Careaga, Andrew}
}
@book {353,
	title = {eMinistry : connecting with the net generation},
	year = {2001},
	publisher = {Kregel Publications},
	organization = {Kregel Publications},
	address = {Grand Rapids, MI},
	abstract = {An Internet savvy youth pastor and journalist advises church leaders on creative and effective use of leading-edge technology to reach the Net Generation.},
	keywords = {Connection, generation, ministry},
	url = {http://books.google.com/books?id=oRdC4ebrh88C\&printsec=frontcover$\#$v=onepage\&q\&f=false},
	author = {Careaga, A.}
}
@article {247,
	title = {Exploring Religion and Mediatization through a Case Study of J + K{\textquoteright}s Big Day: A Response to Stig Hjarvard},
	journal = {Journal of Religion and Culture},
	volume = {12},
	number = {2},
	year = {2011},
	month = {June 2011},
	type = {Research},
	chapter = {167},
	abstract = {This article reviews the strengths and weaknesses of Hjarvard{\textquoteright}s theory of the mediatization of religion. Suggesting actor-network-theory as a methodological approach to the study of the mediatization of religion, the article proposes a case study of the viral wedding video JK Wedding Entrance Dance to highlight problems with the assertion that the media are replacing or displacing religion{\textquoteright}s authoritative role in society.  Drawing upon recent theories of how digital and mobile media are reshaping society by enabling participation, remediation, and bricolage, I suggest instead that the media do not bring about secularization, but rather that the media are contributing to a personalization of what it means to be religious (or not). The article thus introduces an alternative definition to the concept of mediatization: that mediatization may be understood as the process by which collective uses of communication media extend the development of independent media industries and their circulation of narratives, contribute to new forms of action and interaction in the social world, and give shape to how we think of humanity and our place in the world.},
	keywords = {media, religion, Stig Hjarvard},
	author = {Lynn Schofield Clark}
}
@article {1942,
	title = {Ethnographic Approaches to Digital Media},
	journal = {Annual Review of Anthropology},
	volume = {39},
	year = {2010},
	pages = {87-505},
	abstract = {his review surveys and divides the ethnographic corpus on digital me
 dia into three broad but overlapping categories: the cultural politics
 of digital media, the vernacular cultures of digital media, and the pro
 saics of digital media. Engaging these three categories of scholarship
 on digital media, I consider how ethnographers are exploring the com
 plex relationships between the local practices and global implications
 of digital media, their materiality and politics, and their banal, as well
 as profound, presence in cultural life and modes of communication. I
 consider the way these media have become central to the articulation
 of cherished beliefs, ritual practices, and modes of being in the world;
 the fact that digital media culturally matters is undeniable but showing
 how, where, and why it matters is necessary to push against peculiarly
arrow presumptions about the universality of digital experience.},
	keywords = {cell phone, Communication, computers, Ethnography},
	doi = { 10.1146/annurev.anthro.012809.10494},
	author = {Coleman, E. G.}
}
@article {657,
	title = {Ethics in Internet },
	year = {2002},
	keywords = {Catholic, Christianity, Communication, ethics, internet, media, Pontifical},
	url = {www.vatican.va/roman_curia/pontifical_councils/pccs/documents/rc_pccs_doc_20020228_ethics-internet_en.html},
	author = {Pontifical Council For Social Communications}
}
@article {368,
	title = {Ethics in Internet},
	year = {2000},
	keywords = {ethics, internet},
	url = {http://www.vatican.va/roman_curia/pontifical_councils/pccs/documents/rc_pc_pccs_doc_20020228_church-internet_en.html},
	author = {Pontifical Council for Social Communications}
}
@article {160,
	title = {Ethics in Internet},
	year = {2002},
	url = {www.vatican.va/roman_curia/pontifical_councils/pccs/documents/rc_pccs_doc_20020228_ethics-internet_en.html},
	author = {Pontifical Council For Social Communications}
}
@article {2905,
	title = {Ethical challenges of algorithmic journalism},
	journal = {Digital Journalism},
	year = {2017},
	abstract = {With the institutionalization of algorithms as content creators, professional journalism is facing transformation and novel ethical challenges. This article focuses on the concept of Algorithmic Journalism on the basis of natural language generation and provides a framework to identify and discuss ethical issues. The analysis builds on the moral theories of deontology, utilitarianism, virtue ethics, and contractualism, and remaps the ethical discussion for Algorithmic Journalism at the intersection of digital media ethics and cyber ethics. In order to capture the whole range of potential shifts and challenges in journalism ethics, the article combines the ethical multi-layer system of responsibility by P{\"u}rer with the classification of journalism by Weischenberg, Malik, and Scholl on an organizational, professional/individual, and social/audience sphere. This analytical framework is then complemented with attributes derived from the technical potential of Algorithmic Journalism. As a result, the analysis uncovers new ethical challenges and shifts of responsibility in news production for journalism practice and journalism research at the levels of objectivity, authority, transparency, and at the level of implicit or explicit values.},
	url = {https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/21670811.2016.1167612?journalCode=rdij20},
	author = {D{\"o}rr, K. M. and Hollnbuchner, K.}
}
@book {409,
	title = {The Elementary Forms of Religious Life},
	year = {1995},
	publisher = {Free Press},
	organization = {Free Press},
	address = {New York},
	abstract = {In The Elementary Forms of Religious Life (1912), Emile Durkheim sets himself the task of discovering the enduring source of human social identity. He investigates what he considered to be the simplest form of documented religion - totemism among the Aborigines of Australia. For Durkheim, studying Aboriginal religion was a way {\textquoteright}to yield an understanding of the religious nature of man, by showing us an essential and permanent aspect of humanity{\textquoteright}. The need and capacity of men and women to relate to one another socially lies at the heart of Durkheim{\textquoteright}s exploration, in which religion embodies the beliefs that shape our moral universe.
The Elementary Forms has been applauded and debated by sociologists, anthropologists, ethnographers, philosophers, and theologians, and continues to speak to new generations about the intriguing origin and nature of religion and society. This new, lightly abridged edition provides an excellent introduction to Durkheim{\textquoteright}s ideas.
},
	keywords = {religion},
	url = {http://books.google.com/books?id=3j5tyWkEZSYC\&printsec=frontcover$\#$v=onepage\&q\&f=false},
	author = {Durkheim, E.}
}
@mastersthesis {384,
	title = {Emerging church bloggers in Australia: Prophets, priests and rulers in God{\textquoteright}s virtual world},
	volume = {Doctor of Philosophy},
	year = {2010},
	keywords = {Australia, Blogging, Christianity, Church, Virtual},
	url = {http://researchbank.rmit.edu.au/eserv/rmit:6138/EmersonTeusner.pdf},
	author = {Emerson Teusner, P}
}
@article {2826,
	title = {Emotional Politics, Islamophobic Tweet. The Hashtags $\#$Brexit and $\#$chiudiamoiporti},
	journal = {PARTECIPAZIONE E CONFLITTO},
	year = {2019},
	abstract = {Contemporary far-right politicians increasingly diffuse messages through social networks. This article argues that online communication may prove effective for political engagement because it can create emotional reactions against certain groups, in a process that I call "emotional antagonism." An example of emotional antagonism is online Islamophobia, which considers Islam as supposedly incompatible with democratic values and tends to conflate Muslims with migrants. Through qualitative observations and textual analyses of tweets, this article explores the following questions: How do certain online exchanges emotionally frame Muslims as the social "others" in relation to European culture? Why and how does the Internet facilitate the spread of emotional antagonism? What type of political propaganda and participation is connected to affective online Islamophobia? The article analyses two case studies: 1) Islamophobic tweets sent in the aftermath of the British referendum in 2016, with the hashtag $\#$Brexit; 2) Anti-Muslim tweets that contain the hashtag $\#$chiudiamoiporti (close the ports), launched by Italian Vice Prime Minister Matteo Salvini in 2018 to support anti-migration measures. The article shows that exploring emotional antagonism can add complexity to the current understanding of Islamophobic conflicts, of social media platforms{\textquoteright} characteristics, and of political participation based on online communication.
},
	keywords = {Brexit, Islamophobia, Matteo Salvini, migration, Twitter},
	url = {http://siba-ese.unisalento.it/index.php/paco/article/view/21281},
	author = {Evolvi, Giulia}
}
@book {2927,
	title = {Emerging churches: Creating Christian community in postmodern cultures},
	year = {2005},
	publisher = {Baker Academic },
	organization = {Baker Academic },
	abstract = {The "emerging church" movement is perhaps the most significant church trend of our day. The emerging church offers and encourages a new way of doing and being the church. While it largely resonates with an eighteen-to-thirty-four-year-old audience--the first fully postmodern generation--it is also gaining popularity with older Christians and encompasses a broad array of traditional and contemporary churches. Emerging Churches explores this movement and provides insight into its success.

Filled with the latest research and interesting, anecdotal testimonies from those on the cutting edge of ministry, this book provides pastors, church leaders, and interested readers with an insightful glimpse into the thriving churches of today--and tomorrow.},
	url = {https://www.amazon.com/Emerging-Churches-Christian-Community-Postmodern/dp/0801027152},
	author = {Eddie Gibbs and Eddie Gibbs}
}
@book {2929,
	title = {Embedded digital creatives},
	series = {Creative work beyond the creative industries: Innovation, employment and production},
	year = {2014},
	pages = {pp. 128-143},
	publisher = {Edward Elgar Publishing},
	organization = {Edward Elgar Publishing},
	address = {UK},
	url = {https://www.elgaronline.com/view/edcoll/9781782545699/9781782545699.00017.xml},
	author = {Goldsmith, B.}
}
@inbook {2113,
	title = {An Ethnographic Method for the Study of Religion in Video Game Environments},
	booktitle = {Methods for Studying Video Games and Religion},
	year = {2017},
	publisher = {Routledge},
	organization = {Routledge},
	edition = {1},
	chapter = {3},
	address = {New York},
	abstract = {Focusing on the practice of Buddhism in Second Life, this chapter describes an ethnographic method for the study of religion in video game environments. Gregory Price Grieve argues that if one takes into consideration the narrative imagining of role-play, then Second Life can be considered a game and that its religion practice is authentic because its game play engages with what its users perceive as sacred. He then goes on to outline an ethnographic method based on the field of virtual game spaces, the methodological tool of participant observation, and the analytic instrument of thick description, as well as briefly touching on ethics. Finally, Gregory Price Grieve illustrates a case study by examining Second Life Zen Buddhist objects, places, avatars, groups, and events, as well as touching on the life cycle of the research project described.},
	keywords = {Ethnography, religion, video games},
	issn = {978-1138698710},
	url = {https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/e/9781315518329},
	author = {Grieve, G.P.}
}
@article {330,
	title = {Exploring the religious frameworks of the digital realm: Offline-Online-Offline transfers of ritual performance},
	journal = {Masaryk University Journal of Law and Technology},
	volume = {1},
	year = {2007},
	abstract = {Looking at the constantly growing field of religion online, the shifts in and the new definition of religious frameworks become an increasingly important topic. In the field of religious rituals, it is not only the participant, location and conduction of the ritual that is affected by this shift; also the researchers have to overthrow their former theologically resp. systemic based definition of religiousness and spirituality due to the fact that on the Internet, religion is defined and realized in a completely different way by its participants. This is true even in the field of Christianity as the example of a ritual created by some British {\quotedblbase}Emerging Church{\textquotedblleft} groups shows. 
These loosely defined groups which span all denominational borders of the Christian spectrum have been established since the late 1980s mainly in the UK in order to organize church services they refer to as {\quotedblbase}Alternative Worship{\textquotedblleft}. The Internet plays an important role as a platform of communication and (self-)organization of the members and as technically and aesthetically challenging means of (re)presentation. Some events that were conducted in real life, like the multimedia labyrinth installation in St Paul{\textquoteleft}s cathedral in 2000, have even been {\quotedblbase}reconstructed{\textquotedblleft} in virtual space , generating a new form of worship. 
Interestingly but not unexpectedly, these transfer processes entail consequences for spirituality in real life. What exactly happens during the transfer into the digital realm? What are the interdependencies between offline and online and how do they affect worship and worshippers? These questions will be followed, employing the results and ideas of modern Ritual and Religious Studies, sheding light on a new field of (post)modern Christianity.
},
	keywords = {Communication, information, methodology, Ritual, study of religion, technology},
	url = {http://www.digitalislam.eu/article.do?articleId=1703},
	author = {Heidbrink , S}
}
@article {448,
	title = {EXPERIMENTS IN DEVOTION ONLINE: THE YOUTUBE KHUṬBA},
	journal = {International Journal of Middle East Studies},
	volume = {44},
	year = {2012},
	month = {02/2012},
	pages = {5-21},
	abstract = {This paper explores what I call {\textquotedblleft}online experiments in ethical affect{\textquotedblright} through an analysis of one popular Islamic genre: the short video segments of Friday sermons (khuṭub, s. khuṭba) placed on the video-sharing website YouTube. In my discussion of this media form, I give particular attention to the kind of devotional discourse and ethical socius that is enacted online around these taped performances: notably, the practices of appending written comments to specific videos, offering responses to comments left by others or criticisms directed at either the preacher or other commentators, and the act of creating links between khuṭba pages and other web-based content. In examining these practices, I want to look at the way some of the norms of ethical and devotional comportment associated with the khuṭba in the mosque carry over to the Internet context of khuṭba listening/viewing while also engendering novel forms of pious interaction, argument, and listening.},
	keywords = {ethics, internet, Islam, Sermons, YouTube},
	url = {http://journals.cambridge.org/action/displayAbstract?fromPage=online\&aid=8480771\&fulltextType=RA\&fileId=S002074381100122X},
	author = {Charles Hirschkind}
}
@article {2939,
	title = {Erving Goffman: A major theorist of power?},
	journal = {Journal of Power},
	year = {2008},
	abstract = {This article argues that Erving Goffman{\textquoteright}s interactional sociology offers many useful insights into what power is and how it actually works, and that in addition to his other reputations we ought to think of Goffman as a significant theorist of power. A critical Goffmanian approach potentially allows us to comprehend the normal, diffuse ubiquity of power while according full recognition to the practices of individuals, whether self-conscious or habitual, rule-observant or improvisational. How Goffman{\textquoteright}s understanding of power may help us to understand the contemporary realities of the early twenty-first century is also discussed.},
	doi = {doi:10.1080/17540290802227577},
	url = {https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/17540290802227577},
	author = {Jenkins, R}
}
@inbook {829,
	title = {Ethical Issues in the Study of Religion and New Media},
	booktitle = {Digital Religion: Understanding Religious Practice in New Media Worlds},
	year = {2012},
	pages = {238-250},
	publisher = {Routledge},
	organization = {Routledge},
	chapter = {ical Issues in the Study of Religion and New Media},
	address = {London},
	keywords = {ethics, Internet Studies},
	url = {http://books.google.com/books?id=KtEXQLTF2iYC\&pg=PA250\&lpg=PA250\&dq=Digital+Religion+Ethics++Mark+Johns\&source=bl\&ots=Bo3bWHZBZH\&sig=4-VywE82Pr8PSyvyAXxMu4XZxN0\&hl=en\&sa=X\&ei=kI4EUcWhJJTOyAG644CoBg\&ved=0CDMQ6AEwAQ},
	author = {Mark Johns}
}
@article {1506,
	title = {Excess, Artifice, Sentimentality:  Almod{\'o}var{\textquoteright}s Camp Cinema as a Challenge for Theological Aesthetics},
	journal = {Journal of Religion, Media and Digital Culture },
	volume = {3},
	year = {2014},
	chapter = {31},
	abstract = {Camp is defined as a style that is characterised by excess, artificiality, theatricality, exaggeration, 
sentimentality. What could this possibly contribute to Christian theological aesthetics, the study of God 
and theological issues through the aesthetic, art, beauty? This paper proposes, through a discussion of 
camp in its {\textquotedblleft}incarnation{\textquotedblright} in Pedro Almod{\'o}var{\textquoteright}s cinema, that it has several aspects to offer. Camp 
uncovers and challenges the categories of truth and reality in theological aesthetics as well as the 
artforms in which this truth can be discovered. Its embrace of the superficial and material can be seen, 
in theological terms, as an incarnational aesthetics that offers redemption through the affirmation of the 
material, not its disruption or negation. Camp underlines the subversive power of pleasure and laughter 
against tendencies that dismiss pleasure as escapism, and challenges theological aesthetics to 
acknowledge the wisdom that lies in emotions and affects. It criticizes by fostering solidarity and 
empathy, rather than antagonism. Thus camp represents a challenge to self-critically reflect on 
processes of exclusion on an aesthetic and a social level, and challenges us to imagine a different 
world, a world of beauty, love and passion},
	keywords = {Camp Cinema, Christianinty, religion, Sentimentality, Theological Aesthetics},
	url = {http://jrmdc.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/05/Knauss.pdf},
	author = {S Knauss}
}
@inbook {1499,
	title = {The electronic frontier of Catholicism in Poland- the answer to the crisis of religious community?},
	booktitle = {2014 Volume of Religion and the Social Order:  Religion in Times of Crisis},
	volume = {(forthcoming)},
	year = {2014},
	edition = {Edited by: Gladys Ganiel, Christophe Monnot, Heidemarie Winkel },
	author = {Marta Kolodziejska}
}
@article {2798,
	title = {Existential media: Toward a theorization of digital thrownness},
	journal = {New Media \& Society},
	year = {2017},
	abstract = {Our digitally enforced lifeworld is an existential and ambivalent terrain. Questions concerning digital technologies are thus questions about human existence. This theoretical essay employs key concepts from existential philosophy to envision an existential media analysis that accounts for the thrownness of digital human existence. Tracing our digital thrownness to four emergent fields of inquiry, that relate to classic themes (death, time, being there, and being-in-and-with-the-world), it encircles both mundane connectivity and the extraordinary limit-situations (online) when our human vulnerability is principally felt and our security is shaken. In place of a savvy user, this article posits the {\textquotedblleft}exister{\textquotedblright} as the principal subject in media studies and inhabitant of the digital ecology{\textemdash}a stumbling, hurting, and relational human being, who navigates within limits and among interruptions through the torrents of our digital existence, in search for meaning and existential security.},
	url = {https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/1461444816649921?journalCode=nmsa},
	author = {Lagerkvist, Amanda}
}
@article {1311,
	title = {The Essentiality of {\textquotedblleft}Culture{\textquotedblright} in the Study of Religion and Politics},
	journal = {Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion},
	volume = {50},
	year = {2011},
	chapter = {639},
	abstract = {This article reviews various theoretical approaches political scientists employ in the analysis of religion and politics and posits culture as a conceptual bridge between competing approaches. After coming to the study of religion slowly in comparison with other social science disciplines, political science finally has a theoretically diverse and thriving religion and politics subfield. However, political scientists{\textquoteright} contributions to the social scientific study of religion are hampered by a lack of agreement about whether endogenous or exogenous theoretical approaches ought to dominate our scholarship. I assert that the concept of culture{\textemdash}and more specifically, subculture{\textemdash}might help create more connections across theoretical research traditions. I emphasize how the concept of religion-based subculture is inherent in psychological, social psychological, social movement, and contextual approaches to religion and politics scholarship, and I explore these theoretical connections using the example of religion-based {\textquotedblleft}us versus them{\textquotedblright} discourses in contemporary American politics.},
	keywords = {analysis, culture, Politics, religion, Research, Sociology of religion, study of religion, theoretical approaches},
	url = {http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1468-5906.2011.01608.x/abstract},
	author = {Laura R. Olson}
}
@article {2710,
	title = {Exploring the Meanings of Hijab through Online Comments in Canada},
	journal = {Journal of Intercultural Communication Research},
	year = {2016},
	abstract = {Controversies surrounding ethnic dress such as hijab have increased public awareness about cultural diversity. The number of comments posted on online media make it evident that many people are concerned about ethnic attire, cultural differences and social cohesion. Although researchers have examined the meanings of veiling, the relationships between hijab and public opinion have seldom been investigated. The overarching objective of this study was to understand the relationships between Islamic attire and online readers{\textquoteright} opinion. In light of the limitations in the previous studies on this topic, this study attempts to fill the gap by studying posters{\textquoteright} opinions toward hijab through publicly available online information in the form of posted comments.},
	url = {https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/17475759.2016.1171795?journalCode=rjic20},
	author = {Rahman, Osmud and Fung, Benjamin and Yeo, Alexia}
}
@article {203,
	title = {Enhancing the Spiritual Relationship: The Impact of Virtual Worship on the Real World Church Experience},
	journal = {Heidelberg Journal of Religions on the Internet },
	volume = {3},
	year = {2008},
	abstract = {In her article {\textquotedblleft}Enhancing the Spiritual Relationship: The Impact of Virtual Worship on the Real World Church Experience{\textquotedblright} Andre{\'e} Robinson-Neal discusses her experiences as a virtual churchgoer in {\textquotedblleft}Second Life{\textquotedblleft} and describes the relationship between online worship and her offline faith experience. The article centres around the reality of experience in virtual worship and how can both enhance and hinder the {\textquotedblleft}real-life faith walk.},
	url = {http://archiv.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/volltextserver/volltexte/2008/8296/pdf/robinson_neal.pdf},
	author = {Robinson-Neal, Andre{\'e}}
}
@article {2150,
	title = {{\textquotedblleft}Electronic Jihad{\textquotedblright}: The Internet as Al Qaeda{\textquoteright}s Catalyst for Global Terror},
	journal = {Studies in Conflict \& Terrorism },
	volume = {40},
	year = {2016},
	pages = {10-23},
	abstract = {The Internet has emerged as a key technology for Al Qaeda and other jihadist movements waging their so-called electronic jihad across the Middle East and globally, with digital multiplier effects. This study will examine the evolving doctrine of {\textquotedblleft}electronic jihad{\textquotedblright} and its impact on the radicalization of Muslims in Western diaspora communities The study describes Internet-based websites that served as online libraries and repositories for jihadist literature, as platforms for extremist preachers and as forums for radical discourse. Furthermore, the study will then detail how Internet connectivity has come to play a more direct operational role for jihadi terrorist-related purposes, most notably for inciting prospective cadres to action; for recruiting jihadist operatives and fighters; for providing virtual training in tactical methods and manufacture of explosives; for terrorism financing; and for actual planning and preparations for specific terror attacks. Whereas contemporary jihadist militants may be shifting from the World Wide Web to social media, such as Facebook, YouTube, and Twitter for messaging and communications, nevertheless the Internet-based electronic jihad remains a significant catalyst for promoting jihadist activism and for facilitating terrorist operations.},
	keywords = {Al Qaeda, electronic, internet, jihad},
	url = {https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/1057610X.2016.1157403},
	author = {Rudner, M}
}
@article {1243,
	title = {Ethnic Revival, and the Reappearance of Indigenous Religions in the ROC : the Use of the Internet in the Construction of Taiwanese Identities},
	journal = {Online {\textendash} Heidelberg Journal of Religions on the Internet},
	volume = {02.1},
	year = {2006},
	chapter = {41},
	abstract = {Michael Rudolph{\textquoteright}s article Nativism, Ethnic Revival, and the Reappearance of Indigenous Religions in the ROC: The Use of the Internet in the Construction of Taiwanese Identities deals with rituals presented on Taiwanese Websites in the context of identity construction. Since the mid-nineties, long abandoned and very un-Chinese ritual practices suddenly seemed to become popular again in China{\textquoteright}s runaway-province Taiwan: in spite of the fact that most of the island{\textquoteright}s 2\% of indigenous population had been Christianized for half a century, intellectual elites of different aboriginal groups now referred to ancestor-gods, tattooing and even headhunting again as essential parts of their own traditional repertoire, often making abundant use of the Internet in order to propagate these convictions to a broader Chinese speaking public. This contribution not only scrutinises the political context that made such a development possible, but also assesses this practice in terms of the identity construction of the specific ethnic groups.},
	keywords = {aboriginal groups, Digital Religion, Ethnic, identity, Indigenous Religions, internet, online communication, religion online, Ritual, Taiwan},
	url = {http://archiv.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/ojs/index.php/religions/article/view/375/351},
	author = {Michael Rudolph}
}
@article {1185,
	title = {The Effects of Religiousity on Internet Consumption},
	journal = {Information, Communication \& Society},
	year = {2012},
	pages = {1-21},
	abstract = {The relationship between technology adoption and religion has received scant research attention. The complicated process of Internet use among contemporary religious people is affected by the tension between technological developments and religious beliefs. The current research aims to explore the effects of religiosity on Internet consumption in a newly industrialized Muslim country, Turkey. The study utilized a cross-sectional design based on data from 2,698 subjects, selected by stratified random sampling, covering all 12 regions of the country. By offering an exploratory approach, this study sheds light on how various interpretations of religion enable culture-specific observations on Internet consumption patterns, and its relation with different levels of religiosity. The findings revealed that the level of religiosity has a significant effect on the patterns of Internet consumption.},
	keywords = {Internet use, religion, religiousity, social media},
	doi = {10.1080/1369118X.2012.722663},
	url = {http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/1369118X.2012.722663$\#$.UijPtkoo7Mw},
	author = {Ozlem Hesapci Sanaktekina and Yonca Aslanbayb and Vehbi Gorguluc}
}
@article {468,
	title = {{\textquoteright}E o Verbo se fez bit{\textquoteright}: Uma an{\'a}lise da experi{\^e}ncia religiosa na internet},
	year = {2011},
	abstract = {Com a manifesta{\c c}{\~a}o de um fen{\^o}meno de apropria{\c c}{\~a}o da Internet por parte das institui{\c c}{\~o}es religiosas cat{\'o}licas, este texto busca analisar o funcionamento das intera{\c c}{\~o}es entre fiel-Igreja-Deus para a viv{\^e}ncia, a pr{\'a}tica e a experi{\^e}ncia da f{\'e} nos rituais online do ambiente digital cat{\'o}lico brasileiro. 

Examina-se particularmente, por meio de uma metodologia anal{\'\i}tica qualitativa, fundamentada nas contribui{\c c}{\~o}es do pensamento sist{\^e}mico e complexo, um corpus de pesquisa de quatro sites cat{\'o}licos: CatolicaNet, Irm{\~a}s Ap{\'o}stolas do Sagrado Cora{\c c}{\~a}o de Jesus {\textendash} Prov{\'\i}ncia do Paran{\'a}, A12 e Pe. Reginaldo Manzotti. 

Perscruta-se, assim, que religi{\~a}o resulta dessa manifesta{\c c}{\~a}o de pr{\'a}ticas religiosas a partir do emprego e da atividade dos meios digitais, com o objetivo de colaborar com a an{\'a}lise das primeiras consequ{\^e}ncias diretas que esse fen{\^o}meno est{\'a} trazendo para a religi{\~a}o e, particularmente, para a Igreja Cat{\'o}lica como a conhecemos hoje. 

A partir de uma leitura de alguns estudos que abordam a interface entre comunica{\c c}{\~a}o e fen{\^o}meno religioso na Internet, reflete-se sobre alguns conceitos e perspectivas de an{\'a}lise para a investiga{\c c}{\~a}o dos sites cat{\'o}licos institucionais brasileiros, como a midiatiza{\c c}{\~a}o digital do sistema religioso; a quest{\~a}o da t{\'e}cnica transformada em meio; novas modalidades de experiencia{\c c}{\~a}o; e novas configura{\c c}{\~o}es de tempo-espa{\c c}o-materialidades na experi{\^e}ncia religiosa do fiel-internauta. 

Em seguida, descrevem-se tr{\^e}s modalidades de estrat{\'e}gias de oferta de sagrado por parte do sistema e de apropria{\c c}{\~a}o por parte do fiel nos sites cat{\'o}licos brasileiros, a partir de infer{\^e}ncias obtidas em nosso corpus de pesquisa: os n{\'\i}veis tecnol{\'o}gico e simb{\'o}lico da interface interacional; quatro fluxos de intera{\c c}{\~o}es discursivas; e dois fluxos, com dois subfluxos cada, de intera{\c c}{\~o}es rituais. 

Como pistas de conclus{\~a}o, aponta-se que, por meio dessas estrat{\'e}gias interacionais, a religi{\~a}o que nasce no ambiente online {\'e} vivenciada, praticada e experienciada por meio de novas temporalidades, novas espacialidades, novas materialidades, novas discursividades e novas ritualidades marcadas pelos protocolos e processualidades da Internet.},
	keywords = {Interaction, internet, mediatization, religion, system},
	isbn = {1806-003X},
	url = {http://www.ihu.unisinos.br/images/stories/cadernos/ihu/035cadernosihu.pdf},
	author = {Mois{\'e}s Sbardelotto}
}
@article {825,
	title = {The End of Cyberspace and Other Surprises},
	journal = {Convergence: The International Journal of Research into New Media Worlds},
	volume = {12},
	year = {2006},
	chapter = {383},
	abstract = {This article reports on Web 2.0, the end of cyberspace, and the internet of things. It proposes that these concepts have synergies both with the current fashion for modifying physical objects with the features of virtual objects, as evidenced in O{\textquoteright}Reilly{\textquoteright}s MAKE magazine and similar projects, and with the potential technologies for collective intelligence described by Bruce Sterling, Adam Greenfield, Julian Bleecker and others. It considers Alex Pang{\textquoteright}s research on the end of cyberspace and asks whether the {\textquoteleft}new{\textquoteright} of new media writing will have any meaning in a world that is updated by the microsecond every time there is fresh activity in the system. },
	keywords = {cyberspace, media, Technologies},
	url = {http://www.google.com/url?sa=t\&rct=j\&q=\&esrc=s\&source=web\&cd=1\&ved=0CDIQFjAA\&url=http\%3A\%2F\%2Finstruct.uwo.ca\%2Fmit\%2F3771-001\%2FThe_End_Of_Cyberspace_and_Other_Surprises__Sue_Thomas.pdf\&ei=y_gCUY-sFcOy2wWv6YHYAw\&usg=AFQjCNERh2NDOFVfdMfiM73ReWSaj7aaEg\&bvm},
	author = {Thomas, S}
}
@inbook {1178,
	title = {An Electronic Group is Virtually a Social Network},
	booktitle = {Culture of the Internet},
	year = {1997},
	publisher = {Psychology Press},
	organization = {Psychology Press},
	chapter = {9},
	abstract = {When a computer network connects people, it is a social network. Just as a computer network is a set of machines connected by a set of cables, a social network is a set of people (or organizations or other social entities) connected by a set of socially meaningful relationships. I show how social network analysis might be useful for understanding how people relate to each other through computer-mediated communication (see also Wellman \& Gulia, in press; Wellman et al., 1996).},
	keywords = {computer-mediated communication, social network},
	url = {http://pdf.aminer.org/000/247/445/learning_in_the_network_form_implications_for_electronic_group_support.pdf},
	author = {Barry Wellman}
}
@article {2753,
	title = {The Evidence of Things Unseen: Authenticity and Fraud in the Christian Mommy Blogosphere},
	journal = {Journal of the American Academy of Religion},
	year = {2015},
	abstract = {This article analyzes allegations of fraud and deception in two popular evangelical Christian {\textquotedblleft}mommy blogs{\textquotedblright} in order to demonstrate how the rhetoric of authenticity in social media plays a central role in the formation of online communities. I argue that a personal religious blogger together with her readers constitutes an ongoing public conversation and community, one that is held together by a kind of belief or trust in the truthful representation of the blogger and her story. When a blog claims to be a story about the power of faith, hope, and miracles, it can be read and understood by its devoted readers as {\textquotedblleft}evidence of things unseen,{\textquotedblright} that is, as a representation of the evidence of authentic religious faith and practice shared by the community. On the other hand, if credibility is doubted, the blog may become the focus of allegations of deception, leading to the creation of new forms of online community. These cases highlight the importance of attending to claims of credibility and authenticity as constitutive of religious practice and community formation in social media and in the academic study of religion more broadly.},
	url = {https://academic.oup.com/jaar/article/83/1/120/691490},
	author = {Whitehead, Deborah}
}
@article {162,
	title = {Erbi et orbi message of his holiness Pope Benedict XVI},
	year = {2006},
	url = {http://www.vatican.va/holy_father/benedict_xvi/messages/urbi/documents/hf_ben-xvi_mes_20061225_urbi_en.html},
	author = {Pope Benedict XYI}
}
@article {1308,
	title = {Extrapolating Psychological Insights from Facebook Profiles: A Study of Religion and Relationship Status},
	journal = {CyberPsychology \& Behavior},
	volume = {12},
	year = {2009},
	chapter = {347},
	abstract = {Online social network users may leave creative, subtle cues on their public profiles to communicate their motivations and interests to other network participants. This paper explores whether psychological predictions can be made about the motivations of social network users by identifying and analyzing these cues. Focusing on the domain of relationship seeking, we predicted that people using social networks for dating would reveal that they have a single relationship status as a method of eliciting contact from potential romantic others. Based on results from a pilot study (n = 20) supporting this hypothesis, we predicted that people attempting to attract users of the same religious background would report a religious affiliation along with a single relationship status. Using observational data from 150 Facebook profiles, results from a multivariate logistic regression suggest that people providing a religious affiliation were more likely to list themselves as single (a proxy for their interest in using the network to find romantic partners) than people who do not provide religious information. We discuss the implications for extracting psychological information from Facebook profiles. To our knowledge, this is the first study to suggest that information from publicly available online social networking profiles can be used to predict people{\textquoteright}s motivations for using social networks.},
	keywords = {dating, Facebook, online profiles, participants, relationship, religion, religious information, social network},
	url = {http://online.liebertpub.com/doi/abs/10.1089/cpb.2008.0165},
	author = {Sean Young and Debo Dutta and Gopal Dommety}
}
