@article {2143,
	title = {The counterpublic of the J(ewish) Blogosphere: gendered language and the mediation of religious doubt among ultra-Orthodox Jews in New York},
	journal = {Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute },
	volume = {23},
	year = {2017},
	pages = {727-747},
	abstract = {While there have always been doubters and heretics among ultra-Orthodox Jews, access to the Internet over the past fifteen years has amplified opportunities for anonymous expression and connection. An early key platform was the Jblogosphere (Jewish Blogosphere), which flourished between 2003 and 2009. This article focuses on four Hasidic bloggers (three men and a woman) who were part of a growing counterpublic of secret religious doubters. I trace how this counterpublic challenged the authority of the ultra-Orthodox religious public sphere through gendered digital writing and reading in varieties of Yiddish and English. Linguistic resources for those engaging with the new medium of the blog became proxies for bodies that could not change without risk of expulsion. However, the counterpublic remained almost exclusively for men, reproducing the exclusion of women from the ultra-Orthodox public sphere. The analysis focuses on dynamics between gendered languages and media/semiotic ideologies in order to highlight a historical moment when the mediation of religious doubt became publicly legible, with implications for religious change for individuals and their wider communities.},
	keywords = {Blogosphere, Jewish, language, mediation, religious, ultra Orthodox Jews},
	url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/1467-9655.12697},
	author = {Fader, A}
}
@book {223,
	title = {Judaism on the Web},
	year = {1997},
	publisher = {MIS Press},
	organization = {MIS Press},
	address = {New York},
	abstract = {Surfing the Web for information on a particular subject can be both fun and daunting. It{\textquoteright}s easy to get overwhelmed when a simple Web search lists hundreds or even thousands of sites. Often times you{\textquoteright}re left with a case of information overload -- a feeling of helplessness that results from having too much data and too little idea where to start looking. Judaism is one such topic with a myriad of Web sites devoted to it. You can spend countless hours browsing the vast online resources on this religious and cultural community. Wouldn{\textquoteright}t it be great if there was a guide to the very best of these Web sites?
Judaism on the Web is a highly focused collection of 500 first-class sites related to Judaica. Author Irving Green has done the bulk of the Web searching for you, assembling the cream of the crop and placing them into one of five categories: the Jewish world, the Jewish year, culture, intellectual life, and current issues. You find references to sites that offer 3D virtual synagogues, genealogy resources, Kosher recipes, Jewish comics, Yiddish culture, holiday calendars, Israeli Web sites, coverage of Jewish denominations, and much more.
So don{\textquoteright}t get bogged down by information overload. Let Judaism on the Web make online learning a fun and enlightening experience.},
	keywords = {internet, Israel, Jewish, religion},
	url = {http://www.amazon.com/Judaism-Web-Irving-Green/dp/1558285156},
	author = {Green, Irving}
}
@article {152,
	title = {Ritualwell.Org -- Loading the Virtual Canon, or: The Politics and Aesthetics of Jewish Women{\textquoteright}s Spirituality},
	journal = {Nashim: A Journal of Jewish Women{\textquoteright}s Studies \& Gender Issues},
	volume = {9},
	year = {2005},
	pages = {101-125},
	keywords = {Jewish, Politics, Women},
	url = {http://www.jstor.org/pss/40326620},
	author = {Lefkovitz, Lori. H and Shapiro, Rona}
}
@article {423,
	title = {Divergent Attitudes within Orthodox Jewry Toward Mass Communication},
	journal = {Review of Communication},
	volume = {11},
	year = {2011},
	pages = {20-38},
	abstract = {This paper examines the divergent attitudes toward mass media among the streams of Orthodox Jewry. According to most Ultra-Orthodox Jewish leaders, media spread blasphemy, provoke gossip and slander, and steal time from religious studies, but Rabbi M. Schneerson, late leader of the Chabad movement, believed that the media should be exploited to spread the tenets of Judaism. Modern Orthodox rabbis generally favor limited access to media*filtering out its negative aspects, embracing its positive features, and using it to impart religious knowledge. Understanding these various attitudes may help media professionals deal with religion-based criticism and encourage media-borne moderate religious dialogue.},
	keywords = {Communication, Jewish, Jews, Orthodox},
	url = {http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/15358593.2010.504883$\#$preview},
	author = {Rashi, T}
}
@inbook {2156,
	title = {The People of the Nook: Jewish Use of the Internet},
	booktitle = {The Changing World Religion Map},
	year = {2015},
	pages = {3831-3856},
	publisher = {Springer},
	organization = {Springer},
	address = {Dordrecht},
	abstract = {Considered both an ethnic group and a religious group, there are about 13{\textendash}14 million Jews worldwide (0.2 \% of the population). The 6.7 million Jews in the U.S. constitute about 2 \% of the American population. Internet usage by the American Jewish community is significant as an educational resource and a communication tool. As early as 2000, the National Jewish Population Survey found that 40 \% of Jewish adults used the internet for Jewish-related information in 1999, a remarkable figure given that the internet only really entered the public domain in a significant way in the mid-1990s. Thus, the {\textquotedblleft}People of the Book{\textquotedblright} have embraced technology to become the {\textquotedblleft}People of the Nook.{\textquotedblright} First, we examine those using the internet both for general information about Jewish-related items and their local Jewish communities. The extent to which various demographic and religious subgroups of American Jews use the internet is also explored. Second, internet uses are examined, including educational purposes, ritual obligations (z{\textquoteright}manim, counting the Omer, eruvim, electronic Yahrtzeit boards), convening a minyan, and conducting research. From the proliferation of mobile applications and web-based communication tools to the ever-growing storehouse of information, modern technology has made a significant imprint upon Jewish religious practice. The internet continues to play an important and positive role in Jewish religious life, as both an educational medium and a tool for performing religious tasks. Judaism, like other faiths, puts significant emphasis on community and physical proximity. The use of the internet to form a community by overcoming geographic space at almost no cost is an exciting opportunity allowing people to participate who might otherwise be unable because of time and cost constraints or physical limitations. But does this community downplay the physical proximity that allows one to comfort a mourner by a hug or a pat on the back?},
	keywords = {internet, Jewish},
	issn = {978-94-017-9375-9},
	url = {https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-94-017-9376-6_202$\#$citeas},
	author = {Sheskin, I and Liben, M}
}
