@inbook {105,
	title = {The Internet and Islam{\textquoteright}s New Interpreters},
	booktitle = {New Media in the Muslim World: The Emerging Public Sphere},
	year = {1999},
	pages = {41-55},
	publisher = {Indiana University Press},
	organization = {Indiana University Press},
	address = {Bloomington},
	abstract = {This second edition of a widely acclaimed collection of essays reports on how new media-fax machines, satellite television, and the Internet-and the new uses of older media-cassettes, pulp fiction, the cinema, the telephone, and the press-shape belief, authority, and community in the Muslim world. The chapters in this work, including new chapters dealing specifically with events after September 11, 2001, concern Indonesia, Bangladesh, Turkey, Iran, Lebanon, the Arabian Peninsula, and Muslim communities in the United States and elsewhere.New Media in the Muslim Worldsuggests new ways of looking at the social organization of communications and the shifting links among media of various kinds in local and transnational contexts. The extent to which today{\textquoteright}s new media have transcended local and state frontiers and have reshaped understanding of gender, authority, social justice, identities, and politics in Muslim societies emerges from this timely and provocative book. Dale F. Eickelman, Ralph and Richard Lazarus Professor of Anthropology and Human Relations at Dartmouth College, is author ofThe Middle East and Central Asia: An Anthropological ApproachandMuslim Politics(coauthored with James Piscatori). Jon W. Anderson, Professor and chair of Anthropology at The Catholic University of America and co-director of the Arab Information Project at Georgetown University, is author ofArabizing the Internet},
	keywords = {information and communication technology, Islam, Quran},
	url = {http://books.google.com/books?id=Moh2l5d85OYC\&printsec=frontcover$\#$v=onepage\&q\&f=false},
	author = {Anderson, Jon}
}
@book {248,
	title = {IMuslims: Rewiring the House of Islam},
	year = {2009},
	publisher = {UNC Press},
	organization = {UNC Press},
	address = {Chapel Hill, NC},
	abstract = {Exploring the increasing impact of the Internet on Muslims around the world, this book sheds new light on the nature of contemporary Islamic discourse, identity, and community. The Internet has profoundly shaped how both Muslims and non-Muslims perceive Islam and how Islamic societies and networks are evolving and shifting in the twenty-first century, says Gary Bunt. While Islamic society has deep historical patterns of global exchange, the Internet has transformed how many Muslims practice the duties and rituals of Islam. A place of religious instruction may exist solely in the virtual world, for example, or a community may gather only online. Drawing on more than a decade of online research, Bunt shows how social-networking sites, blogs, and other "cyber-Islamic environments" have exposed Muslims to new influences outside the traditional spheres of Islamic knowledge and authority. Furthermore, the Internet has dramatically influenced forms of Islamic activism and radicalization, including jihad-oriented campaigns by networks such as al-Qaeda. By surveying the broad spectrum of approaches used to present dimensions of Islamic social, spiritual, and political life on the Internet, iMuslimsencourages diverse understandings of online Islam and of Islam generally.},
	keywords = {information and communication technology, Islam, social networks, study of religion},
	url = {http://books.google.com/books?id=qIbwHwTYqqcC\&printsec=frontcover$\#$v=onepage\&q\&f=false},
	author = {Gary Bunt}
}
@article {1008,
	title = {Al Jazeera{\textquoteright}s Framing of Social Media During the Arab Spring. },
	journal = {CyberOrient},
	volume = {6},
	year = {2012},
	abstract = {This study investigates how Al Jazeera framed social media in relation to the revolutions and protests of the {\textquotedblleft}Arab Spring{\textquotedblright} within its broadcast media coverage. A content analysis of Arabic language broadcasts appearing from January 25th through February 18th 2011, covering the protests in Tahrir Square, was conducted using the Broadcast Monitoring System (BMS) and Arab Spring Archive. Through this analysis we see a number of common narratives being used by Al Jazeera to frame social media and make claims about the influence they had on the protests and related social movements. By noting the frequency of social communications technologies referenced, ways in which these technologies were characterized and interpreting supporting themes with which they were identified helps illuminate the assumptions promoted by Al Jazeera regarding the role and impact of social communications technology on these events.},
	keywords = {activism, Arab Spring, democracy, Egypt, information and communication technology, internet, public sphere, satellite TV, social media},
	url = {http://www.cyberorient.net/article.do?articleId=7758},
	author = {Heidi Campbell and Diana Hawk}
}
@book {180,
	title = {Religion Online: Finding Faith on the Internet},
	year = {2004},
	publisher = {Routledge},
	organization = {Routledge},
	address = {New York},
	abstract = {After sex, religion is one of the most popular and pervasive topics of interest online, with over three million Americans turning to the internet each day for religious information and spiritual guidance. Tens of thousands of elaborate websites are dedicated to every manner of expression.Religion Onlineprovides an accessible and comprehensive introduction to this burgeoning new religious reality, from cyberpilgrimages to neo-pagan chatroom communities. A substantial introduction by the editors presenting the main themes and issues is followed by sixteen chapters addressing core issues of concern such as youth, religion and the internet, new religious movements and recruitment, propaganda and the countercult, and religious tradition and innovation. The volume also includes thePew Internet and American Life ProjectExecutiveSummary, the most comprehensive and widely cited study on how Americans pursue religion online, and Steven O{\textquoteright}Leary{\textquoteright}s field-definingCyberspace as SacredSpace.},
	keywords = {information and communication technology, methodology, social networks},
	url = {http://books.google.com/books?id=xy0PJrrWXH4C\&printsec=frontcover$\#$v=onepage\&q\&f=false},
	author = {Dawson, Lorne and Cowan, Douglas}
}
@article {419,
	title = {Beyond the traditional-modern binary: faith and identity in muslim women{\textquoteright}s online matchmaking profiles},
	journal = {CyberOrient},
	volume = {5},
	year = {2011},
	abstract = {Finding a suitable partner in both diasporic and non-diasporic settings proves increasingly challenging for young Muslims, especially those unable or not wanting to search within their kinship networks. At the same time, religious matchmaking websites are becoming increasingly common especially among Muslim women. As studies of Muslim matchmaking sites tend to focus on the ever-popular topic of the headscarf and its associations in the matchmaking context, a much more comprehensive study of the specificity of the online religious identities and self-representation is required. This paper examines a number of profiles of young Muslim women using online matchmaking sites and discusses broad themes of faith, ethnicity and identity that emerge in the analysis.},
	keywords = {identity, information and communication technology, matchmaking, Muslim women, social aspects, websites},
	url = {http://www.cyberorient.net/article.do?articleId=6219},
	author = {Piela, A.}
}
